pgsql: Integrate recovery.conf into postgresql.conf

Integrate recovery.conf into postgresql.conf

recovery.conf settings are now set in postgresql.conf (or other GUC
sources).  Currently, all the affected settings are PGC_POSTMASTER;
this could be refined in the future case by case.

Recovery is now initiated by a file recovery.signal.  Standby mode is
initiated by a file standby.signal.  The standby_mode setting is
gone.  If a recovery.conf file is found, an error is issued.

The trigger_file setting has been renamed to promote_trigger_file as
part of the move.

The documentation chapter "Recovery Configuration" has been integrated
into "Server Configuration".

pg_basebackup -R now appends settings to postgresql.auto.conf and
creates a standby.signal file.

Author: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@gmail.com>
Author: Simon Riggs <simon@2ndquadrant.com>
Author: Abhijit Menon-Sen <ams@2ndquadrant.com>
Author: Sergei Kornilov <sk@zsrv.org>
Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/607741529606767@web3g.yandex.ru/

Branch
------
master

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/2dedf4d9a899b36d1a8ed29be5efbd1b31a8fe85

Modified Files
--------------
contrib/pg_standby/pg_standby.c                    |   2 +-
doc/src/sgml/backup.sgml                           |  22 +-
doc/src/sgml/config.sgml                           | 515 ++++++++++++++++++++-
doc/src/sgml/filelist.sgml                         |   1 -
doc/src/sgml/func.sgml                             |   2 +-
doc/src/sgml/high-availability.sgml                |  56 +--
doc/src/sgml/pgstandby.sgml                        |   2 +-
doc/src/sgml/postgres.sgml                         |   1 -
doc/src/sgml/recovery-config.sgml                  | 510 --------------------
doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_basebackup.sgml                |   7 +-
doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_rewind.sgml                    |   8 +-
doc/src/sgml/ref/pgarchivecleanup.sgml             |   4 +-
doc/src/sgml/ref/pgupgrade.sgml                    |   2 +-
doc/src/sgml/release-10.sgml                       |   2 +-
doc/src/sgml/release-9.1.sgml                      |   5 +-
doc/src/sgml/release-9.4.sgml                      |  15 +-
doc/src/sgml/release-9.5.sgml                      |  11 +-
doc/src/sgml/release.sgml                          |   3 +-
src/backend/Makefile                               |   4 +-
src/backend/access/transam/recovery.conf.sample    | 158 -------
src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c                  | 500 +++++++-------------
src/backend/access/transam/xlogarchive.c           |   4 +-
src/backend/commands/extension.c                   |   4 +-
src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c                       | 421 +++++++++++++++++
src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample      |  47 ++
src/bin/pg_archivecleanup/pg_archivecleanup.c      |   2 +-
src/bin/pg_basebackup/pg_basebackup.c              | 148 ++++--
src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl       |  15 +-
src/bin/pg_rewind/RewindTest.pm                    |  10 +-
src/include/access/xlog.h                          |  39 +-
src/include/utils/guc_tables.h                     |   2 +
src/port/quotes.c                                  |   2 +-
src/test/perl/PostgresNode.pm                      |  26 +-
src/test/recovery/t/001_stream_rep.pl              |   4 +-
src/test/recovery/t/003_recovery_targets.pl        |   2 +-
src/test/recovery/t/004_timeline_switch.pl         |   4 +-
src/test/recovery/t/005_replay_delay.pl            |   2 +-
src/test/recovery/t/009_twophase.pl                |   6 +-
.../recovery/t/010_logical_decoding_timelines.pl   |   2 +-
src/test/recovery/t/012_subtransactions.pl         |   6 +-
40 files changed, 1403 insertions(+), 1173 deletions(-)